A comparative study of ionospheric IRIEup and ISP assimilative models during some intense and severe geomagnetic storms

Three-dimensional (3-D) electron density matrices, computed in the Mediterranean area by the IRI climatological model and IRIEup and ISP nowcasting models, during some intense and severe geomagnetic-ionospheric storms, were ingested by the ray tracing software tool IONORT, to synthesize quasi-vertical ionograms. IRIEup model was run in different operational modes: (1) assimilating validated autoscaled electron density profiles only from a limited area which, in our case, is the Mediterranean sector (IRIEup_re(V) mode); (2) assimilating electron density profiles from a larger region including several stations spread across Europe: (a) without taking care of validating the autoscaled data in the assimilation process (IRIEup(NV)); (b) validating carefully the autoscaled electron density profiles before their assimilation (IRIEup(V)).The comparative analysis was carried out comparing IRI, IRIEup_re(V), ISP, IRIEup(NV), and IRIEup(V) foF2 synthesized values, with corresponding foF2 measurements autoscaled by ARTIST, and then validated, at the truth sites of Roquetes (40.80°N, 0.50°E, Spain), San Vito (40.60°N, 17.80°E, Italy), Athens (38.00°N, 23.50°E, Greece), and Nicosia, (35.03°N, 33.16°E, Cyprus). The outcomes demonstrate that: (1) IRIEup_re(V), performs better than ISP in the western Mediterranean (around Roquetes); (2) ISP performs slightly better than IRIEup_re(V) in the central part of Mediterranean (around Athens and San Vito); (3) ISP performance is better than the IRIEup_re(V) one in the eastern Mediterranean (around Nicosia); (4) IRIEup(NV) performance is worse than the IRIEup(V) one; (5) in the central Mediterranean area, IRIEup(V) performance is better than the IRIEup_re(V) one, and it is practically the same for the western and eastern sectors.Concerning the overall performance, nowcasting models proved to be considerably more reliable than the climatological IRI model to represent the ionosphere behaviour during geomagnetic-ionospheric storm conditions; ISP and IRIEup(V) provided the best performance, but neither of them has clearly prevailed over the other one.     

限带白噪声随机过程的雨流幅值概率密度函数模型

对17种不同带宽系数的限带白噪声随机过程进行了雨流循环计数统计,提出了一个限带白噪声随机过程的雨流幅值概率密度函数(Probability density function,PDF)模型。该模型是Rayleigh分布和Weibull分布的线性组合,其中待定系数均为随机过程谱参数的函数。采用该模型对这17种随机过程的雨流幅值概率密度函数进行了公式拟合,探究了模型中待定参数与随机过程谱参数之间的关系,确定了模型表达式。对照随机过程的雨流计数统计结果,将该模型与Dirlik模型的预测精度进行了比较,结果表明该模型的预测效果优于Dirlik模型。     

分数槽集中绕组永磁同步电机设计与分析

分数槽集中绕组永磁同步电机由于转矩密度高、弱磁性能好、齿槽转矩小和效率高等特点,广泛应用于航空航天、电动汽车等领域。本文研究了机载雷达伺服系统用分数槽集中绕组永磁同步电机,建立了电机的解析模型,分析了长径比、裂比、磁密系数等设计参数对电机性能的影响规律。结果表明,电机的输出转矩和质量分别与定子外径D3os,D2os成正比,绕组端部比重与长径比λ成反比,综合转矩密度和绕组端部比重两个因素,λ宜在0.2~0.4范围内选择。当定子裂比γ增加时,转矩密度先增大后减小,为使转矩密度最大,γ宜在0.6~0.8范围内选择。当磁密系数χ增加时,输出转矩先增大后减小,为使输出转矩最大,χ宜设计在1.75附近。基于理论分析和仿真计算,文中设计并加工了一台45槽38极分数槽集中绕组永磁同步电机,最后通过实验测试了其性能。     

Electron density inversed by plasma lines induced by suprathermal electron in the ionospheric modification experiment

Incoherent scatter radar (ISR) is the most powerful ground-based measurement facility to study the ionosphere. The plasma lines are not routinely detected by the incoherent scatter radar due to the low intensity, which falls below the measured spectral noise level of the incoherent scatter radar. The plasma lines are occasionally enhanced by suprathermal electrons through the Landau damping process and detectable to the incoherent scatter radar. In this study, by using the European Incoherent Scatter Association (EISCAT) UHF incoherent scatter radar, the experiment observation presents that the enhanced plasma lines were observed. These plasma lines were considered as manifest of the suprathermal electrons generated by the high-frequency heating wave during the ionospheric modification. The electron density profile is also obtained from the enhanced plasma lines. This study can be a promising technique for obtaining the accurate electron density during ionospheric modification experiment.     

动态时频谱分析、探测和跟踪的随机有限集法

动态出现和消失多分量信号的时频分析问题一直是非平稳信号处理的难点之一。为此，提出了一种分析、探测和跟踪多分量信号的随机有限集法。该算法利用时频变换，如短时傅里叶变换或自适应谱估计法，以及多项式预测模型，将多分量信号的时频分析问题归纳成可利用随机有限集进行多目标追踪的问题。分析表明：借助于提出的初始权重赋值算法，以及谱分量幅度和频率的联合似然函数，就可利用高斯混合概率假设密度滤波器来实现对动态时频谱的分析、探测和跟踪。在仿真实验中，所提算法有效提升了动态时频谱的跟踪精度，其对微弱时频谱分量的探测能力，以及对载频差异的分析能力均优于文献报道的算法。     

基于核主成分分析的空域复杂度无监督评估

空域复杂度评估作为衡量空域运行态势、管制员工作压力的关键手段，是运行调控的基础。由于影响因素众多，不同因素间耦合关联复杂，且标定样本很难获取，空域复杂度的准确评估被公认为航空领域的一个挑战性问题。提出了一种空域复杂度的无监督评估方法。首先通过核主成分分析挖掘原始样本各维度的非线性耦合关系，准确提取能够最大化复杂度评估信息量的主成分，进一步设计了可按需定制的主成分聚类方法，实现了无监督条件下空域复杂度的准确评估，为空域划分、流量管理提供了有效的技术支撑。     

Association of optical tracklets from a geosynchronous belt survey via the direct Bayesian admissible region approach

The direct Bayesian admissible region approach is an a priori state free measurement association and initial orbit determination technique for optical tracks. In this paper, we test a hybrid approach that appends a least squares estimator to the direct Bayesian method on measurements taken at the Zimmerwald Observatory of the Astronomical Institute at the University of Bern. Over half of the association pairs agreed with conventional geometric track correlation and least squares techniques. The remaining pairs cast light on the fundamental limits of conducting tracklet association based solely on dynamical and geometrical information.     

计及多因素影响的永磁电机空载气隙磁密解析计算法

为准确而快速地计算与评估电机的性能,以I型转子结构永磁电机为例,提出了一种计及多因素影响的空载气隙磁密的解析计算法,并用有限元进行了仿真验证。分析了永磁体尺寸、隔磁桥高度和极弧系数等参数对气隙磁密的影响规律,为优化电机方案提供了思路。     

高转矩密度磁力齿轮的拓扑结构设计与性能比较

永磁行星齿轮和同轴永磁齿轮是两类具有不同拓扑结构和运行原理的磁力齿轮,采用定量设计比较法设计了具有相同有效体积和永磁体用量的上述两类磁齿轮,并通过有限元分析法对二者的转矩传递性能进行比较研究。研究结果表明,永磁行星齿轮较同轴永磁齿轮有更高的转矩密度和更低的转矩脉动。此外,由于永磁行星齿轮具有更加灵活的运行模式,并且能实现功率分流,使其在混合动力汽车领域有很好的应用前景。加工了一台永磁行星齿轮样机,并搭建试验平台进行了相关的试验,结果表明了该拓扑结构的有效性。     

民用飞机健康诊断大数据应用研究

该文对面向飞机健康诊断的几种大数据技术进行了综述。并行聚类分析方法可以抽取飞机维护系统并行计算机的基本特征,形成飞机各系统历史数据的抽象计算模型;而针对全机状态监控参数中如何从大量飞机参数中挖掘出有价值的信息问题,参数场域挖掘技术发挥了很大的作用;然而在实际应用过程中,经常会遇到多种复杂的故障,这些故障通常具有复杂的非线性关系,而要确定这些非线性相关规则,需要依托大数据技术确定相关的关系;而对于由某一部件失效形成飞机级联故障的链式效应,可利用可视化数据挖掘技术,描述故障数据,结合人类视觉感知能力,加强数据结果处理。